The windeby girls Essays

The windeby young ladies Essays The windeby young ladies Paper The windeby young ladies Paper Article Topic: Seamus Heaney Poems Seamus Heaney was an extraordinary artist who was affected by his environmental factors and the spiritualist insider facts of the scene. He was taken in by the possibility of the lovely peatlands that could safeguard practically any item or individual it gulped. Throughout the years the peatlands has been utilized for an assortment of things. In this exposition I will investigate the connections between Seamus Heaney and how he relates through his two sonnets Bog Queen and Punishment the recorded connections from the swamp bodies time to today. As I recently referenced the peatlands was utilized for an assortment of things, these things comprised of the development of building materials, channels, fuel, and peat greenery. Not exclusively did the peatlands give hard materials yet in addition it was a natural surroundings for some, vertebrates, feathered creatures and it even gave a sensible home to plants to develop, for example, wild berries. During the iron ages these normal living beings gave a lifestyle to the individuals who lived off the peatlands. Not exclusively does Seamus Heaney connect the authentic highlights in his sonnets however we can likewise observe these highlights for ourselves when things, for example, when the stone age individuals brought over creatures for brushing in light of the fact that the land was plentiful in minerals and supplements, this is as yet done in Irelands society today. Numerous individuals accepted that the peatlands was a lot of like a history book as it is prestigious for safeguarding the natural and in natural survives from settlements, for example, burial chambers, ranches, track ways, executes, and marsh bodies. The marsh bodies were individuals who either was covered, slaughtered, or ended it all and was then gulped by the place where there is the peat. The peatlands is such a splendid preserver of skeleton, skin, hair, interior organs and apparel, with regards to getting some answers concerning the marsh bodies researchers can break down in much detail the bodys stomach substance, the bodys maladies, the date of death and how the individual kicked the bucket. In addition to the fact that they look at the body they intently analyze its dress. By setting aside the effort to glance in incredible detail of the manner in which the garments were weaved, what hues they were, the texture utilized and furthermore the staying methods, it causes researchers to date the body as close as possible. These splendid lowland bodies have the unprecedented capacity to annul fleeting separation, to make the past present. These astounding dead bodies are fantastically several years of age anyway individuals despite everything accept that from their outward appearances we can just start to imagen the existence the swamp body had and whether they were slaughtered, killed, executed or had ended it all. Researchers can tell from these bodies there societal position by dress, gems and they can likewise tell this occasionally by considering the bodies last dinner. The peatlands figure out how to protect the body so well that researchers can investigate the bodys stomach so as to see this. Both of the astonishing sonnets in which I will examine are the two quatrains with connections of the past; they are likewise long thin sonnets, which are normally exceptionally antiquated. Here and there these sonnets are fundamentally the same as, anyway on certain parts of the sonnets they are altogether different, yet then again the two of them show recorded connections of the past and the present. Beginning with the sonnet Punishment, this sonnet depends on the 14-year-old young lady who was hung for infidelity and you see a great deal of reference towards this little youngster, she is known as the windeby young lady. This is referred to as a disputable sonnet as it reflects Seamus Heaneys uncertain relationship with the IRA as he has the understandings of the violations while likewise censuring them. A generally excellent device wherein this is communicated is the manner by which this sonnet is composed all things considered through the eyes of Seamus Heaney himself. This is unmistakably featured all through this sonnet. You can see this straight away as in the main refrain on the primary line it says I can feel the pull. This quickly tells the perusers that this isnt going to be a wonderful subject in which the sonnet is composed. By utilizing the word pull it is an onomatopoeic method to begin a sonnet, and by utilizing such a solid line to begin the sonnet it underlines the manner by which he recognizes himself with her. As Seamus Heaney carries on to clarify what he finds in the remainder of the refrain he utilizes the similar sounding word usage of scruff and neck to mirror the rope pulling on her neck. The last line of the main refrain is vessel symbolism that is utilized all through this sonnet. You can detect this as Seamus Heaney composes On her bare front alluding to the woman at the front of a pontoon. Proceeding onward the second refrain you by and by have pontoon symbolism on lines three and four as it says it shakes the fragile gear/of her ribs you can tell this is vessel symbolism as apparatus is the piece of the pontoon. Nonetheless, the past line to the vessel symbolism is swamp symbolism, you can see that the vast majority of the symbolism utilized in this sonnet has an association with water, and you will keep on seeing this. The expression to golden dabs is as I said lowland symbolism as well as the peatlands figured out how to safeguard things similarly as golden does this yet it is additionally a characteristic object of the world similarly as the peatlands may be. Swamp symbolism is likewise proceeded into refrain three. The words wherein recognize this are suffocated, body in the marsh and gauging stone. These are totally continued lines one, two and three of the third verse. On the off chance that you havent effectively saw every refrain of this sonnet contains enjambment, this implies each line runs over. A simple method to recognize this is to see whether each line contains a comma or a full stop toward the end. Anyway not exclusively is swamp symbolism utilized yet in addition pontoon symbolism is utilized by and by, in the last line of this verse, skimming bars and branches. Differentiating the purpose of the greater part of the symbolism is someway associated with water; in the fourth verse tree symbolism is utilized. The windeby young ladies skin is contrasted with a tree without bark as Seamus Heaney composed she was a yelped sapling.

Lee Valley Regional Park

Recreation is downtime from the weights of work to unwind, appreciate life and go do things you regularly can't accomplish at work. It appears that in the present society, it is difficult for us to escape from the boisterous calendars of work to appreciate life. We hunger for time for recreation, and worth the time that we do get for relaxation. However there are a wide range of kinds of recreation, for example, Indoor-wellness exercises, sports clubs, wellbeing ranches, films, bars, and eateries, just as open air relaxation, for example, sports, strolling and getting a charge out of the view, and stops. With the guide of various sorts of parks-national parks (situated in remote regions), nation parks (in urban regions, with safe houses of greenery), and local stops (a blend of both national parks and nation stops), the relaxation minutes are esteemed significantly more since it become more leaving and fascinating. Territorial and nation parks permit individuals who live in the city to observe and appreciate recreation in the outside structure. This is because of the wide open climate, quantities of recreation focuses, and the outside, common habitat. A case of a sort of Regional Park is The Lee Valley Regional Park. The Lee Valley Regional Park is situated on the lower Lee Valley River. The stream makes a guest among Essex and Hertfordshire. It additionally courses through a few precincts of London. The River Lee is a tributary of the River Thames During the Industrial Revolution, the River Lee was utilized as one of the many vehicle joins. Thus, the River Lee and its valley became contaminated and afterward forsaken. At that point in 1963, ten specialists around the Valley talked about, inside and out, the eventual fate of the Valley. The gathering was held on the grounds that the contamination of the valley affected the neighboring territories. The specialists talked about and concurred that the valley was an ideal region to form into a recreational region. The parks overseeing body was set up in 1965, after a bill was advanced in parliament. On the first of January 1967, The Lee Valley Regional Park authority was built up because of the Royal Assent. It is anything but difficult to get to The Lee Valley Regional Park as the M25 slices through the recreation center. The recreation center is ten thousand sections of land (approx.) in land. The territorial park has different highlights, for example, occasion zones †parade stops and outdoors locates, water exercises angling, swimming, and so forth., and different sights, for example, cookout regions, enormous entireties of greenery, and fields for sports just as game focuses. Because of certain water exercises, stores were created around the area, to guarantee the use of water. The Lee Valley Regional Park ‘provides recreation exercises while monitoring and upgrading the earth.' The motivation behind the enquiry is to gather data and proof, from a field study, to check whether the speculation is valid. I should concur or differ with the theory. From the field study I will comprehend if the recreation center meets all it prerequisites just as if the recreation center moderates and improves nature. To demonstrate the theory is right or not I should consider The Lee Valley Regional Park cautiously. I will take a guide of the Lee Valley Regional Park and plot information, for example, evaluations, monetary action, signs, offices, harm and disregard on the guide in code. At that point I will take note of the information and what it implies on note pad paper. I will survey and assess the two sides of the waterway. At that point, utilizing the guide on the outing I will make two maps. One will be for evaluations and the other of financial exercises, signs, offices, harms and dismisses. I will create records. With this data I will make proof towards my answer of the theory by creating pie outlines and partitioned bars. Utilizing the maps, pie graphs, and isolated bars I will investigate and close whether the theory is right. Investigation of Results To assist me with arriving at a choice about whether the theory is valid or not, I built pie outlines, isolating bars, records, and maps on the information gathered on the excursion. From the guide of evaluations, I have examined that on the close to bank, there are more appraisals going from 1-5 while on the far bank the evaluations go just from 3 and 4, for the most part comprising of 3. The close to bank comprised of 4% of appraisal 5. The far bank comprised of 8% of appraisal 5. Thus the close to bank comprised of 8% evaluation 1 and the far bank comprised of 0% of appraisal 1. On the evaluation map, it appears to have huge segments of similar appraisals. There are long portions of evaluation 3 expressing that the scenes around the Lee Valley Regional Park are fundamentally the same as. However a 3 in appraisals included as a nothing extraordinary in the scene for general society to appreciate nor is it upgrading and rationing the earth. By and large I had a half of evaluation 3 (69% on the far bank and 38% on the close to bank) Towards the finish of the course, there appeared to be longer pieces of appraisal 4 on the close to bank. There were additionally numerous offices and monetary exercises now. For instance there were vehicle leaves, outing regions, and cafés. So also, during the start of the excursion, there is by all accounts numerous offices and monetary exercises contrasted with the center of the outing. Offices Information gathered and moved on map 2 (Signs, Economic Activities, Facilities, Damage, and Neglect) shows that there are numerous offices for general society at the Lee Valley Regional Park, yet these offices are near one another at each finish of the course. These offices incorporate vehicle leaves, excursion zones, bars, and eateries. In any case, there are office areas in the course. However these offices are seemingly insignificant detail, for example, waste containers. There additionally is by all accounts more offices on the close to bank, than there is on the far bank. Financial Activities Offices, for example, The Crown Pub, the vessel employ, and the troop site were likewise monetary exercises. However exclusive financial exercises, for example, the manufacturing plant (E6) appeared to make the Lee Valley Regional Park dirtied with garbage. The financial exercises were circulated uniformly on the close to bank, anyway this was not the situation on the far bank. Dismisses and Damage Altogether, there were 6 quantities of dismisses that I perceived on the course. Anyway there appeared to be no dismisses after the main lock. This shows some consideration has been taken to keep up the recreation center, yet not as a lot to monitor the earth. There was just one disregard on the far bank, which was the reemerging and painting of lines in the vehicle leave. Anyway there were 5 on the close to bank. There were a sum of 7 harms that I perceived. Harms, for example, spray painting, litter, clamor, and contamination originating from structures. Utilizing the disregard and harm separating bar, there are more harms that disregard. Signs Generally speaking there were a sum of 42 signs. The vast majority of these signs were on the close to bank, likely in light of the fact that the greater part of the open uses the close to bank. The signs are genuinely appropriated. There were a bunch of signs, which were ignored, yet it didn't appear that those signs were any assistance to the general population. A portion of the signs were extremely useful and enlightening. These signs included maps, and bunches of shading, which pulled in a great deal of consideration. In any case, all the outcomes, which I gathered, depended on a little piece of the recreation center. This is on the grounds that we just followed the close to bank. The far bank was seen from a separation, so perhaps in the event that I had taken the far bank course, I would have discovered more evaluations, signs, offices, and so on. End From the information that I gathered on the excursion, and the diagrams and maps which I have made utilizing the information, I have reached the resolution that the Lee Valley Regional Park IS NOT up to the standard of its fundamental reason which is ‘to give relaxation exercises while saving and improving nature'. half of the appraisals were 3. This implies there wasn't anything for people in general around there just as that zone wasn't saving or upgrading the earth. In the event that half of what I saw was evaluated as a 3, than The Lee Valley Regional Park is bombing its fundamental reason. ‘To give relaxation exercises,' is one of its fundamental purposes. In any case, from the proof gathered, this doesn't appear to be the situation. There are just 16 offices that I perceived. Out of those 16 there are just the convoy stops, kids' play zone, and the outing regions are recreation offices. With just 3 recreation offices, the remainder of the offices are not relaxation related. Additionally the Caravan Park is filthy, with a great deal of waste from individuals who remain there. The specialists don't appear to deal with nature around the Caravan Park. It appears that except if the specialists quit ignoring the Caravan Park, there will be a decrease in individuals remaining at the Caravan Park. Since the Caravan Park is a financial action, The Lee Valley Regional Park will begin to free some cash. The vast majority of the offices are near the parts of the bargains. It is by all accounts like this as the specialists realize that individuals won't walk a significant distance, thus the will just walk somewhat further from the vehicle leave, where the vast majority of the offices are. However in the event that they are to give recreation exercises, it ought to be all through the course. ‘Conserving and improving nature' is another reason for The Lee Valley Regional Park. However with a ton of evaluation 3, this intention isn't failing to work out. With private improvement, for example, Gravel Pits (E7) and Factories (E6), saving and upgrading the earth is unimaginable. These sorts of improvements cause contamination and devastate nature. It is justifiable that these are private turns of events. Notwithstanding, The Lee Valley Regional Park authority do have control and a state of whether they need these privately owned businesses creating on their territory. With the air and land contamination comes sound contamination from these advancement zones. The commotion upsets the earth around it. For instance, individuals will get disturbed from the commotion that an improvement zone brings for example machine commotions. Additionally the untamed life are affected, as they will move away

Harvard Business School Essay

August 8, 1995 had taken an unforeseen turn for Netscape Communications Corporation’s directorate. Prior that morning, the day preceding the company’s planned first sale of stock (IPO), Netscape’s lead financiers proposed to the board a 100% expansion in the first contribution cost from $14 to $28 per share. This proposal came in light of the amazing oversubscription for Netscape’s shares, which had just provoked the guarantors to build the quantity of offers to be offered from 3.5 million to 5 million. Under the present proposition, an organization with a net book estimation of simply over $16 million that still couldn't seem to turn a benefit, was out of nowhere esteemed at over $1 billion. The Board confronted an estimating quandary inside the setting of an amazingly flighty industry. While its individuals needed to be receptive to Wall Street’s current energy, they likewise needed to ensure that the essentials of Netscape defended such a sensational increment in valuation. Netscape Communications Established in April 1994, Netscape Communications Corporation gave a far reaching line of customer, server, and incorporated applications softwareâ for interchanges and business on the Internet and private Internet Protocol (IP) systems. These items empowered the developing system of servers on the World Wide Web to convey through sight and sound, including designs, video and sound. Structured with upgraded security code, these product items gave the classification required to execute money related exchanges and to sell ads on the Internet and private IP systems. The company’s most famous item, Netscape Navigator, was the main customer programming program that permitted singular (PC) clients to trade data and lead business on the Internet. Guide included a tick and-point graphical UI that empowered clients to explore the Internet by controlling symbols and windows as opposed to by utilizing content orders. With the easy to use interface as a guide, Navigator offered an assortment of Internet capacities including Web perusing, record moves, news bunch interchanges, and email. At first sent in December 1994, Netscape Navigator produced 49% and 65% of all out incomes for the quarters finished March 31, 1995, and June 30, 1995, separately. Netscape’s server programming gave endeavors the fundamental abilities vital for making and working Web server â€Å"sites,† or puts on the Web which programs could visit. Research Associate Kendall H. Backstrand composed this case under the management of Professor W. Carl Kester as the reason for class conversation as opposed to outline either compelling or insufficient treatment of an authoritative circumstance. Copyright  © 1996 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. To arrange duplicates or solicitation consent to replicate materials, call 1-800-545-7685 or compose Harvard Business School Publishing, Boston, MA 02163. No piece of this distribution might be recreated, put away in a recovery framework, utilized in a spreadsheet, or transmitted in any structure or by any meansâ€electronic, mechanical, copying, recording, or otherwiseâ€without the consent of Harvard Business School. Consolidating both program and server works, the company’s incorporated applications programming programs were intended to give ventures the capacity to oversee huge scope business destinations on the Internet. Such applications empowered these endeavors to direct full-scale electronic business through a consistent framework. Together, server and coordinated applications programming represented 36% of absolute incomes in the principal quarter of 1995, and 28% of all out incomes in the second. Of these incomes, the lion's share were created by one of Netscape’s three server items, Netscape Commerce Server .1 Revenues from Netscape’s server and coordinated applications items were relied upon to increment as a level of by and large incomes later on. Notwithstanding item incomes, Netscape produced administration incomes, which were inferable from expenses from counseling, upkeep, and bolster administrations. These incomes added up to roughly 5% and 7% of complete incomes for the quarters finished March 31, 1995 and June 30, 1995, individually. Money related Performance Netscape had caused all out misfortunes of $4.3 million on complete incomes of $16.6 million for its initial two working quarters finished June 30, 1995. The organization expected to keep on working at a misfortune for years to come. Displays 1 and 2 give Netscape’s budget summaries since its consolidation in April 1994. Working exercises for the a half year finished June 30, 1995 had produced $7.3 million in real money. Incomes from financing exercises of $20.5 million were fundamentally owing to the net continues of $17.3 million from the issuance of Series C Preferred Stock and borrowings of $2.2 million under an obligation office understanding. Money utilized in venture exercises of $22.1 million identified with $16.6 in momentary speculations and $5 million in capital uses. Toward the finish of the second quarter of 1995, Netscape’s chief wellsprings of liquidity were $8.9 million in real money and the $16.6 million in shortterm ventures. The organization expected all out capital uses for 1995 of around $12 million. Industry Background The interest for Netscape’s items had advanced out of the improvement of the Internet in the late 1960s. The Internet was a worldwide system intended to encourage correspondence between around 35,000 PC systems utilizing the empowering code named Internet Protocol. As indicated by International Data Corporation (IDC), in mid-1995 there were around 57 million Internet clients. Of those 57 million clients, IDC assessed that roughly 8 million were getting to data on the World Wide Web. Designed in the mid 1990s, the Web was an innovation that connected the slightest bit of data on the Internet with another so clients could share â€Å"webs† of thoughts. The Web comprised of a system of Web servers that posted data in a typical configuration depicted by the Hypertext Markup Language (â€Å"HTML†). Web clients had the option to get to data on the Web by actualizing the suitable Hypertext Transfer Protocol (â€Å"HTTP†). Since it required complex coding, the Web had remained to a great extent unfamiliar by nontechnical clients who just needed to peruse, a mainstream side interest which came to be named â€Å"surfing the Net.† 1Bundled bundles of Netscape Navigator and Netscape Commerce Server represented about 10% of aggregate incomes in the principal quarter, while its commitment in the subsequent quarter was insignificant. 2 Netscape’s Initial Public Offering Netscape’s Entrance Then at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, a gathering of software engineering understudies working at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) built up the graphical programming program that offered ascend to the thought of â€Å"surfing.† Named NCSA Mosaic, the product program empowered nontechnical clients to get to and recover data on the Web. The Mosaic code sorted out Web data into flawless assortments of graphical electronic menus on which clients could essentially snap and-point to peruse their substance. In April 1993, the organizers of Mosaic, under the administration of then senior Marc Andreessen, started conveying the product for nothing to any individual who had the specialized way to bring it electronically. The heavenly aftereffects of this strategyâ€two million Mosaic clients inside one yearâ€made for more than mixed drink discussion among innovative masters in California’s Silicon Valley. Jim Clark, the author of Silicon Graphics, Inc. (known for its workstations that transformed information into 3-D PC pictures), was among the individuals who were dazzled by Mosaic itself as well as by the more extensive vision of its maker, Andreessen. In the wake of hearing that Andreessen had moved to Silicon Valley in mid 1994, Clark sent him an email inquiring as to whether they may meet to talk about the future of Mosaic. This trade and resulting conversations shaped the take off platform for Mosaic Communications, which was in the blink of an eye renamed Netscape Communications Corporation. Notwithstanding dropping the Mosaic name, Netscape paid Spyglass (the organization that had occupied with an elite authorizing plan with the University of Illinois) a one-time $2.4 million expense for the rights to certain Mosaic code. With the first code, Clark’s the board understanding and $3 million in seed cash, and Andreessen’s vision and specialized skill, Netscape made its passage into the profoundly powerful Internet showcase.

Essay --

Creature pitilessness, additionally called creature misuse, is the human punishment of affliction or damage upon non-human creatures, for purposes other than self-protection or endurance. To me, creature remorselessness isn't right and is a significant issue all around the globe and must be halted. Creature testing is a type of creature pitilessness that whenever turned out badly is considered as creature remorselessness. Creature testing can be viewed as acceptable if the researchers don’t horrendously hurt the creatures. The main creatures that ought to be utilized for testing are mice, rodents, and hamsters, not felines or hounds or other house pets. How might somebody have the dauntlessness to hurt any creature? Creature testing is utilized for trialing new medications, beauty care products, and infusions to realize they are ok for people, yet what researchers do to the creatures in labs is grim. There are advantages and disadvantages of this discussion, however mostly cons since who needs to place corrosive in an adorable bunny’s eyes for reasons unknown. A few masters are that, creature testing has adds to numerous life-sparing fixes and medications, for example, experimenters expelled the pancreas from hounds which prompted the disclosure of insulin which sa... Article - Creature pitilessness, likewise called creature misuse, is the human curse of misery or damage upon non-human creatures, for purposes other than self-preservation or endurance. To me, creature brutality isn't right and is a major issue all around the globe and must be halted. Creature testing is a type of creature mercilessness that whenever turned out badly is considered as creature savagery. Creature testing can be viewed as acceptable if the researchers don’t agonizingly hurt the creatures. The main creatures that ought to be utilized for testing are mice, rodents, and hamsters, not felines or hounds or other house pets. How might somebody have the daringness to hurt any creature? Creature testing is utilized for trialing new meds, beauty care products, and infusions to realize they are ok for people, yet what researchers do to the creatures in labs is abhorrent. There are upsides and downsides of this discussion, however predominantly cons since who needs to place corrosive in an adorable bunny’s eyes for reasons unknown. A few geniuses are that, creature testing has adds to numerous life-sparing fixes and medications, for example, experimenters expelled the pancreas from hounds which prompted the revelation of insulin which sa...

Discussing Design Thinking In A Personal Perspective - 2200 Words

Discussing Design Thinking In A Personal Perspective (Coursework Sample) Content: MGMT DESIGNExecutive SummaryIn the next sixth months, I plan to complete my journey in creative design thinking. This is the peak of my learning experience because it gives me a chance to apply what I have learnt over the past. At this stage, I bring my ideas to life through a professional journey. This includes the implimentation of personal changes that I have made as a person. One of the greatest benefits that I have reaped from the course if concept development. I have learnt that an idea does not become viable without this crucial thinking process. I believe in a value chain that adds benefits in the design process. In a world where profitability is more important my plan is to suppport the creation of solutions through value based approaches. This report identifies the design thinnking process as well as the techniques used to simpify the process. This method is effective in academic, professional and personal development.Table of Contents TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u Introduction PAGEREF _Toc495012314 \h 3Personal development PAGEREF _Toc495012315 \h 3Problem solving vs problem finding (Blog post #4 August 25 2017) PAGEREF _Toc495012316 \h 3Core Values PAGEREF _Toc495012317 \h 4Professional development PAGEREF _Toc495012318 \h 4Six Months Plan PAGEREF _Toc495012319 \h 5Visualization PAGEREF _Toc495012320 \h 5Journey Mapping and mind mapping PAGEREF _Toc495012321 \h 6Value Chain Analysis PAGEREF _Toc495012322 \h 7Brainstorming PAGEREF _Toc495012323 \h 7Concept development PAGEREF _Toc495012324 \h 7Assumption testing PAGEREF _Toc495012325 \h 7Rapid Prototyping PAGEREF _Toc495012326 \h 8Customer co-creation PAGEREF _Toc495012327 \h 8Launching PAGEREF _Toc495012328 \h 8Capturing Feedback PAGEREF _Toc495012329 \h 8Conclusion PAGEREF _Toc495012330 \h 9References PAGEREF _Toc495012331 \h 10IntroductionThe contemporary business world today is about creating solutions to problems. Taking a Design Thinking course is a unique learning experience for me bec ause it shows me how to develop ideas through creatity CITATION Bar16 \l 1033 (Barringer Ireland, 2016). Its practical approach is an opportunity for me to sharpen my personal and professional skills. Competence in design process starts with the ideation process. It is not enough to learn about DT because applied design thinking adds more value. However, the process of developing ideas is systematic and uses techniques. Through this process, I have learnt to approach creativity from a different angle of professionalism, team work and result oriented thinking. This report describes this learning process of reasoning and learning with suggestions for further professional development ( Blog post #3 August 16 2017).Personal developmentBefore this course, I used to think that creativity is an art subject that comprises of talented perfomances, artistic drawings, fashion, and sculpture. I had no idea that everyone has the ability to express creativity through the mind. In fact, I saw my self as a scientific person that was not really creative. However, DT has made me realize my inner strengths through thinking ( blog post # 1 30 July 2017). It is amazing how the world of thinking can give birth to numerous unique ideas. I feel motivated by the fact that innovation spearheads entrepreneurship because I have a business mind as a person CITATION Lie11 \l 1033 (Liedtka Ogilvie, 2011). The group workshops have unveiled this truths in an amazing way.Problem solving vs problem finding (Blog post #4 August 25 2017)I am a visual person and I often channel this creativity to my social media page. However, this course has taugt me how to use blogs for sharing serious ideas that other people can understand CITATION Shr17 \l 1033 (Shresta, 2017). I used to take photos and post on Instagram and Facebook just for fun. This has changed because now I develop images through visualization, brainstoring and spotting the obvious. Using design thinking tehcniques I can create a spira l of tens of ideas through one single thought. I find it amazing that finding one solution leads to the discovery of another. It is easier to create quality ideas now because of the visualization, journey mapping, mind mapping, and brainstorming processes. These define what the idea is made of and its alternatives.Core ValuesI am a principled person and it was a relief to learn that a designer is someone with values. My focused is to use my graphic design skills to create a product that is appealing to the customer. I have in mind a plan on how to do this through mind mapping ideas and consultations from my team and professionals in the field ( blog post #5 27 August 2017) . As I keep talkin about the idea, I receive new insights. I alighn myself with the right people in order to build the right mindset. Every day, I need a stimulus so I peruse through quotes for inspiration. This allows me to follow up on my idea and plan.Being analytical, creative and logical is important because people have different ideas. I realized that when sharing one idea with one individual, I often pick another idea from them. I am open minded so I brainstorm on new ideas for different perspectives. As a divergent thinker, I have ideas that flow freely. However, I need to channel them into a linear form through convergent thinking techniques.Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 1: Design thinking process and its development stagesProfessional developmentWhile doing my research on design thinking, I realized that professionnal training programmes are now offering creative tinking as a continuing education for professional development CITATION Har17 \l 1033 (Harvard University, 2017). Such course benefit leaders, business strategiest andcreative thinkers in business. I used to marvel at other peoples ideas especially in the world of innovation. I would look at different car models and wonder how someone would come up with an idea like the BMW X6 series. It looks like an aeroplane, has great performance yet operates on road networks. Technological innovations like Facebook, the TV, and smartphones are just out of the ordinary. Now I know how these come about because creativity influences all industries in product and services CITATION Gle15 \l 1033 (Glen, Suciu, Baugh, Anson, 2015).Learning about concept development is important because it enables me to create a story that is different from others for a competitve edge. From personal research, I can confrim tha business organizations tackle their challenges through creativity CITATION Sek13 \l 1033 (Sekeran Bougie, 2013). Although I now know how to visualize and brains took torm, I also have to train myself on how to utilize design thinking principles such as prototypying, research and co-creation. This process teaches me to identify what works and what does not.Six Months PlanThe world today is solving business problems through creativity CITATION Hul13 \l 1033 (Hull, 2013). In order to fulfill my mission, I need a plan on how to get my idea into the market. The design thinking process facilitates for research, negotiation and value enhancement. It gives me a simple guide on how to get started and progress to the launch. Below is a plan on how I intend to do this. However, for a professionally proven approach, I choose to implement Liedtka Ogilvie (2011) formula of ten tools for designing growth in stages. I still have challenges settng exact timelines but the plan covers a six months period.Creative Thinking Technique Principle Task Visualization Concept development Definition of the idea Mindmapping Value Chain Analysis Drafting ideas using maps Story boarding Prototyping Sketching sequence ideas Brainstorming Co-creation Making consultations Research Assumption Testing Analyzing systematic ideas Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 2: Idea development through creative thinkingVisualizationTo start, I need to keep my ideas simple. I am aware that my success solely depends on my ability to break down information into simplified ideas. My favorite techniques for this process are storyboarding and the use of photographs as seen in my blogs (blog # 1 July 30 2017). This is the use of imagery or graphic experiences as representation of a product or service. Its focus is on the benefits to the end user. My idea is to carry out an assessment of the customer experience then generate an idea from that.Journey Mapping and mind mappingI will put into use the graphic presentation of ideas in posters with the customer in mind. This will take a systematic process of journey mapping that identifies a process for the work schedule. I learnt how to do this during workshops. At this stage, value creation is important because the customer is at the center of the idea generation. My idea of problem solving is to identify gaps and challenges in original ideas. This creates a simpler framework for journey mapping. Using my background in research, I intend to create colorful themes and intervie ws that describe the process CITATION Min17 \l 1033 (Mind Maps Unleashed, 2017).Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 3 : Example of mindmapping using colourful graphicsFigure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 4: Example of a handwritten mind map for idea generation CITATION Min17 \l 1033 (Mind Maps Unleashed, 2017)Value Chain AnalysisI view a value chain analysis as critical in the development of a business idea because the modern consumer finds motivation in value. If I am to succeed in business, my focus in design thinking should be on producing products that make a difference. One way of adding value is to cross check the cost and benefit factors for profit margins at every stage of the idea development CITATION Dav12 \l 1033 (Davila, Epstein, Shelton,...

Exploring Feminist Identities Empowerment Through Duality - Literature Essay Samples

Female writers constantly try to negotiate their identities in a society that exalts male opinion. That the protagonists of Gilman’s â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† and Chopin’s â€Å"A Pair of Silk Stockings† are married women places both discourses within a patriarchal, institutional framework. Immediately, a critique of marriage arises, and we are forced to examine how women are oppressed, either by patriarchy or by stereotypes placed on them as mothers and nurturers. It is evident that both stories serve to highlight the plight of women, though it remains arguable whether a solution is proposed. Gilman’s nameless protagonist goes mad, while Chopin’s â€Å"Little Mrs. Sommers† dreads going back to the boring routine of a housewife. The conclusions, as such, do not seem to empower women, but suggests a futility of fighting against patriarchy. Even if the madness of Gilman’s nameless protagonist is seen as a form of transcend ental sanity as suggested by some critics, how empowering is it for females to be represented as mad? Besides, her transcendence if it is interpreted as such – is temporary, for she might be placed in an asylum for further treatment. Consumerism too, is only a temporary relief for Mrs. Sommers’ mundane existence, for her money will run out eventually. The fact that both women are married is an important consideration in this analysis. Marriage inscribes patriarchy into the narrative, because it forces the identity of wife and husband onto the characters. Immediately, stereotypes of each label are being invoked: the wife is submissive, caring and sacrificial while the husband is aggressive, clinical and egocentric. In both stories, the women are silenced and powerless in their marriage. Gilman’s protagonist does not have a name, and is mollycoddled like an infant while it is clear that Mrs. Sommers’ life revolves around taking care of her childre n’s needs, with little regard for her own. By not giving her protagonist a name and emphasizing that her husband and brother were both physicians â€Å"of high standing† (115), Gilman locates the story within a patriarchal structure. As Karen Ford notes, â€Å"John is identified in relation to the patriarchy first and in relation to his wife only afterwards† (310), and the physician is the â€Å"quintessential man† (310), therefore â€Å"the epitome of male discourse† (310). For Mrs. Sommers, her desires are usually repressed, and the story describes what happens when she succumbs to her desire. Mrs. Sommers is the embodiment of the perfect wife, with her children as her source of pride and excitement. Her life also exemplifies the life of all women who become housewives and devote their lives to their family because that is expected of them. Both stories are not that different in the sense that they depict marriage in chronological order: Gi lman’s protagonist, should she â€Å"recover†, would end up living the life of Mrs. Sommers. Through marriage, both stories reveal the oppressive force of patriarchy that reduces them to what Paula Treichler terms, â€Å"domestic slavery† (64). In both stories, the protagonists devise their own ways of escaping patriarchy. For Gilman, we are immediately introduced to the protagonist’s private thoughts and become complicit with her writing in her â€Å"dead paper† (115) that she calls her journal. We are offered insight of her struggles to construct an identity that is not imposed by society. Elaine Showalter recognizes that writing is a powerful tool of expression for the feminists, even if they continue to do so within a patriarchal culture (Belsey and Moore 6), and this is exactly what Gilman tries to show in her short story. The language of patriarchy as epitomized by the language of medicine has, as Treichler observes, â€Å"considerabl e power over what [†¦] reality is now to be† (65). Once John has pronounced that she is suffering from â€Å"temporary nervous depression† (115), she is confined to imprisonment in the room with the yellow wallpaper. Through her writing, we are confronted with wallpaper that is hideous with â€Å"sparkling flamboyant patterns committing every artistic sin† (117). Through her journal, the wallpaper comes to life, and takes on human features – â€Å"broken neck and two bulbous eyes† (119). It slowly becomes clear to her that the pattern is â€Å"like a woman stooping down and creeping about† (122). At this point, it is crucial to note that as John’s voice becomes more absent when he leaves the protagonist alone, the woman behind the wallpaper takes on a more prominent form, and Treichler notes that at this junction â€Å"the figure grows clearer to her, to the point where she can join her from behind the paper and literally ac t within it† (67). The figure’s visibility is a measure of her empowerment through her writing. As the figure becomes clearer, she becomes quieter and her husband sees this reticence as an indication of her improved wellbeing. This suggests a fallacy of the privileged male, medical observation and potentially undermines it as the patriarchal voice is revealed as disempowering for females. Despite the revelational potential that writing has, Carol Neely warns that â€Å"when women’s language is reduced to the level of style alone, attempts to isolate or prescribe stylistic features which are or should be peculiar to women’s discourse fail [†¦]† (315). For Gilman’s protagonist, her writing is atypical of patriarchy. While John advocates â€Å"self-control† (116), she states that â€Å"it makes me very tired† (116). While John condemns â€Å"imaginative power† and â€Å"fancy† (118), she deciphers â€Å" great many women† (126) climbing through the wallpaper pattern. Identifying a specific women’s language has the danger of taking the women out of typical patriarchal discourse and placing them in the category of â€Å"Other†, thus reinforcing the binary opposition that is set up by patriarchy in the first place. Females are sentenced to a perpetual otherness (319) as males continue to be logical and level-headed, while females continue to be the opposite: illogical. For Mrs. Sommers, she experiences momentary respite as she indulges in consumerism. Whilst Chopin seems to exalt her as one who knew the value of bargains (153), she also mockingly implies that she is wasting her time by stand[ing] for hours making her way inch by inch toward the desired object that was selling below cost (153). When the story sees Mrs. Sommers pampering herself on soft, sheeny, luxurious things (153), and then further treating herself to a proper meal and a comedy before culminat ing with her in a cable car making her way home and experiencing a powerful longing (156) that the ride would go on and on with her forever (156), we immediately interpret Chopins consumerist approach as temporary reprieve. However, I opine that she is suggesting that financial independence is the key to freedom. The story starts by painting a picture of Mrs. Sommers financial prudence as the question of investment was one that occupied her greatly (152) and it was during the still hours of the night when she lay awake revolving plans in her mind that she seemed to see her way clearly toward a proper and judicious use of the money (152); the narrator then hints of better days that Mrs. Sommers had known before she had ever thought of being Mrs. Sommers (152). Unlike the females of Jane Austen who saw marriage as a solution to future stability and happiness, Gilman and Chopin foreground marriage as stifling and regressive. Neely offers reconciliation for Gilmans solution of an alternative womens discourse by quoting Virginia Woolf- In order to create this alternate discourse [†¦] they must have 500 pounds and a room of their own – that is, financial, social, and psychological independence (318). Her approach merges the solutions of Chopin and Gilman, and implies that women have to be sufficient, thus not depending on the patriarch, before their writing can be taken seriously as a collective female voice. Whilst Neelys approach echoes some contemporary feminists, it is too idealistic and parochial. Woolfs postulation places females in a one-dimensional construction that mirrors the males. Essentially, her underlying statement is that females have to appropriate the males definition of success in order to be seen as successful. Her suggestion reminds me of a quote by American writer Timothy Leary, who postulates that, Women who seek to be equal with men lack ambition. The fact that Johns insistence that his wife should not write, an activ ity that promotes thought and intellect, suggests that he has to continually render his wife weak-minded so that he will remain unchallenged. Mary Jacobus further expounds that otherness is domesticated [and] made safe, through narcissism (69). John fainting in the end is evidence of the vulnerability of his ego. Treichler interprets this as the unflappable husband fainting because he is taken aback by the dramatic power of her own freedom (67). She expands further the protagonists triumph since she has followed her own logic, her own perceptions, [and] her own projects to this final scene in which madness is seen as a kind of transcendent sanity (67). I am inclined to agree with Treichlers reading of language as Gilmans protagonist changes the terms in which women are represented in language and extends the conditions under which women will speak (74). That both stories end inconclusively connotes the ability for women to embody contradictions and ambiguity. This, in my o pinion, is what makes women different from men. While the male identity is stable and fixed, the female identity can be negotiated and renegotiated, just like how Gilmans protagonist constantly tries to interpret the wallpaper, first as an artistic sin (117), then as a face with unblinking eyes (119), fungus (123) and finally as women trying to escape (126). Mrs. Sommers embodies contradictions too when she is a poor woman surrounded by wealthy people, yet creating no surprise (155) with her appearance. As Treichler astutely observes, Woman is both passive and active, subject and object, sane and mad (74). It is impractical to compete with males on their platform, because it only supports the binaries that patriarchy upholds. Instead, it will be more productive to engage in a discourse that accepts the females inherent duality, because by doing so, gender lines are blurred and patriarchy is displaced. The Yellow Wallpaper and A Pair of Silk Stockings essentially protest agains t male exclusivity. Both stories highlight the oppression of women through the male institution as epitomized by marriage. The inconclusive resolution of both stories hints at possibilities for change. Both stories criticize marriage, and portray it as oppressive and disempowering for the female. For the texts to be interpreted correctly as a critique of marriage and patriarchy, it is crucial to examine the seemingly arbitrary endings that hint at the futility of resistance. The central difference that celebrates women is her ability to embody the binaries that patriarchy asserts. By embodying it, not only does she appropriate it, she displaces patriarchy and exposes its vulnerability. Works CitedBelsey, Catharine, and Jane Moore, eds. Introduction: The Story So Far. The Feminist Reader. London: Macmillan Press Ltd, 1997. Ford, Karen. The Yellow Wallpaper and Womens Discourse. Tulsa Studies in Womens Literature. Vol. 4, No. 2, pp 309-314. JSTOR. 29 Oct. 2007. Jacobus, Mary. The Difference of View. The Feminist Reader. Eds. Catharine Belsey and Jane Moore. London: Macmillan Press Ltd, 1997. Neely, Carol Thomas. Alternative Womens Discourse. Tulsa Studies in Womens Literature. Vol. 4, No. 2, pp 315-322. JSTOR. 29 Oct. 2007. Treichler, Paula. Escaping the Sentence: Diagnosis and Discourse in The Yellow Wallpaper'. Tulsa Studies in Womens Literature. Vol. 3, No. 1/2, pp 61-77. JSTOR. 29 Oct. 2007.

Children Do Not Come Into The World With Culture - 1718 Words

Human children do not come into this world with culture. Children must be taught how to fit into society and must be taught these things in a rather timely schedule. However, what happens when children are kept in isolation and are never taught how to fit into society? Feral children, children kept in severe isolation, give sociologists and psychologists a new perspective into the study of socialization (N.A. 2015). If a child does miss the crucial milestones in their social and psychological development, then it will be hard, nearing impossible, to ever actually catch up in their development. Because it is dangerous and harmful to pull someone from society, researchers cannot place a human in absolute social isolation for research purposes due to obvious ethical reasons. That is why, though tragic, cases of social isolation, typically in child abuse, are crucial in the study of socialization and in the nature vs. nurture debate (Macionis, 2008). 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The Civil Rights Symposium Dr. Christine Stanley

The Civil Rights Symposium began with the Introductory Remarks from Dr. Christine Stanley. She gave thanks for all of the support that went into making this symposium possible and then she stated that the reason why we are here is because the Civil Rights Act did not resolve all of our racial problems. The first main speaker was Dr. Joe Feagin who talked about inequality fifty years after the Civil Rights Act. He talked about the length and depth of racial discrimination that we still face today and that the racism today is subtle and sneaky, but still very much there. The next event was the first panel of speakers who focused on education. The first member of the panel was Professor Cedric Powell. He stated that we are at the forty year†¦show more content†¦The next event featured a panel about employment. The first member of this panel was Dr. Sharon Collins who did studies on black executives. She found out that diversity demands have become about profitability instead of an obligation to be diverse. The next member of the panel was Dr. Domonic Bearfield who stated that there is a mythology of merit in the public administration department. Departments are trying to look like that town that it serves to get a sense of legitimacy, but this is causing some people to get jobs over other. The last member of the employment panel was Professor Ruben Garcia who stated that Title Seven has a lot of limits to it. These limitations include the fact that discrimination is allowed against those who are not citizens. Since undocumented employment has increased over the years this has allowed for more discrimination. The next event featured the Key Note Speaker of the symposium, Professor Patricia Williams. Professor told a story of wrongful birth and its effects it had on the family and surrounding community. She focused on the Cramblett family and how they dealt with the wrongful birth situation very poorly. Not only does the mother need a therapist and counseli ng, but now her daughter, the child a wrongful birth, does too and this could have serious implications on the child’s future. Professor Williams then went on to talk

Comparision of Genesis with Other Creation Mythologies Essay

Comparison of Genesis with Other Creation Mythologies We all know that our mothers and fathers gave us birth, and grandmothers and grandfathers gave our parents birth. However, what about the beginning? What does the beginning look like? Who created the sky, the earth, the mountains and rivers, the plants, the animals, and the human beings? How was the world created? What happened to the creator? These questions have puzzled and are asked by every people. However, no one has yet found the answers, and I have heard people saying that the creation of life is as impossible as the natural creation of an airplane from a stack of waste. With the willingness of knowing the self, ancient people tried to create mythological stories†¦show more content†¦The only difference is that in this Indian story, not even God (or an equivalent form) was there. Egyptians and Chinese imagined the same scene, the Nun and the chaotic egg with a giant (Egyptian, Lin 1). In contrast with the creation out of nothing, the indigenous Australian mythology tells us that the stars, the sky, the sun, the moon, and the ancestors of all lives were already present in the beginning, but they are sleeping under the crust of the earth in the water holes (Aborigine). Seneca people believed that humans were living in the heaven originally, and there were only ocean and ocean living lives on the earth (Creation). It is very interesting to recognize how important water is to lives. Every account of creation that I have read included water before anything else was present. Whatever was present in the beginning had managed to create all the rest, and the description of creators are of three categories, a single creator, multi-creators, and no creator. In Genesis, God is the single creator, and so is Brahman of India. The difference is that the God is immortal, but Brahman is mortal (Genesis, Genesis Project). In Chinese mythology, Pan Gu was the creator of everything but men, who were created by Nu Wa, a goddess (Lin 1-5). Other examples of multi-creators are in the mythology of Egypt and Seneca in which the children of the creator became

Research Paper Animal Experimentation - 2167 Words

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An Evening of Music free essay sample

An evening of music On November 27, 2012 a live performance has occurred in school at 8:00 pm, lots of brave talented students and major associates have the courage to perform live in from of the audience and show their magnificent talent of playing their Instruments and singing. They were only a total of nine performers in stage: the first performer name Syria Rodgers and he sang an old classical musical In the early asss called ;cant take My Eyes Off of You by Bob Crew and Bob Caudal.The thing that wasnt testifying about Syria Rodgers Is that every time he starts singing or Just about to go for the chorus he sings very low and It was very hard to understand, but throughout the whole song it was very good. Second singer that performed was a Music Education Major name Ned Ebbs Jar. , and he was a vocalist/plants and right before he sang, he spoke to the audience and used humor to calm himself down and to ease the tension down In the audience because he dedicated to all the single lad les singing a song he wrote called Give to Me. We will write a custom essay sample on An Evening of Music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The third one to approach on stage was very talented student name Tracy Calling; flirts, she talked about the plot of the hole song before she started. A quick description, she looked very nervous at first, she was breathing very heavily on stage and also sounded nervous as well. In the end she mange to overcome the nervousness and made a sound of tranquility from a famous song she sang called Lying There by Jonathan Larson. Next, performers newer Gilles Uric as the vocalist and Oozy Martial as the guitarist and the song they played was called Maligned and its a Spanish folk song.Its amazing to sing a Eng that is very cultural, especially its from another language. This next piece really inspired me the most showing true passion and the old modern type of music, a major instructor name Ben Lowe sings a song called O! Du Mien Holder Bantered by the famous composer Richard Wagner. This inspired me because this type of music would never go away and it shows a dominant perspective on the singer when the song is in German. Introducing the next person a classical Jazz player name Charles Baxter who played the saxophone and a dedication f rom one of the Jazz layer in the hit classic T. V. Show The Bill Cubby Show Mr.. Grover Washington Jar. He told the audience a quick story about Grover Washington that he died from a horrible heart attack outside the studio of CBS. Charles Baxter did a Gig in the LAX a contribute of his death. In ending the performance they did two Chamber Singers act. The first one was called Musical, Del Don Opting by SCUDS Chamber Singers; an Italian piece meaning exotic music of god based on the wonderful creatures, nature, and life. The second piece they sang was Elijah Rock by Moses Hogan, and this song was based on the devil on his defeat of all mankind.All students and major Instructor were all please to perform and share their talents to the audience. Ay Psychoanalytic from of the audience and show their magnificent talent of playing their instruments name Stray Rodgers and he sang an old classical musical in the early asss called Cant take My Eyes Off of You by Bob Crew and Bob Studio. The thing that wasnt satisfying about Stray Rodgers is that every time he starts singing or Just about to go or the chorus he sings very low and it was very hard to understand, but throughout Education Major name Ned Ebbs Jar. And he was a vocalist/pianist and right before he the tension down in the audience because he dedicated to all the single ladies ve ry talented student name Tracy Calling; first, she talked about the plot of the Newer Gilles Uric as the vocalist and Oozy Martial as the guitarist and the song act.

Critical Analysis of Project Management Plan

Question: Discuss about the Critical Analysis of Project Management Plan. Answer: Introduction The project report is prepared to perform the critical analysis of the chosen project management plan, using an example of a case study. For the critical analysis, Green ICT Project has been selected for the critical analysis. The project management plan for the Green ICT Project includes a detailed plan that covers multiple tasks and elements of the investigation and record of the data on the CO2e or Carbon Dioxide Footprint, at specific location, Australian National University. The project plan also includes identification of the ways to reduce the footprints of the carbon of ICT in the ANU. It involves collaborative tasks with stakeholders or identification of the trends of the industry to adopt Green IT Practices and evaluation of efficient technologies towards reducing and minimizing the ICT impact on the environment. The report is structured with a background of the project, where it has come from and what it comprises of. In the same section, the project context is also defined. The details of the sponsor or owner of the project are described in terms of what it does and many related things. Later, the audience of the project is explored and presented in the following section that include the details of what can they know, how they can use and what else information is needed for them. Alternatives to the structure of the PMP are then discussed. The context of the PMP is discussed. Finally, conclusion is added, followed by the references. Appendix is added at the end, for an actual project. Project Background In the project background section, the basic and primary details of the project are presented, such as the basis and motivation of the project and the objectives defined for the project. Every domestic and working place emits some part of the pollution or the greenhouse gases, in the form of CO2e or carbon dioxide footprint. The project is all about investing and exploring what is the greenhouse gas emitted by the Australia National University and also includes the solution to reduce the carbon emission. The sponsor organization is the Australia National University, which imparts knowledge to the aspiring students. The project is done to explore, how the educational institutions and workplaces share the part of the emission of the greenhouse gases. The university is located in Australia. The project involves investigation of content of CO2e emission, identifying and exploring various ways to reduce the carbon footprint, especially from ICT (Information and Communication Technology) in the ANU. And industry trends are discussed to adopt the practices of the green IT to evaluate the efficient technology to reduce the impact of emission. The good initiative also explores the possible government incentives that are available to strengthen the green IT initiative. The initiative also includes bringing increasing awareness about the Green ICT among the stakeholders. The target and objective set is measurable to 10% reduction of emission by specific duration. The overall project gives clear details of how the project of reducing the greenhouse gases can be initiated and implemented by the educational institutions and Universities sponsor the project and how it is made possible. The project also gives the details and statistics of the base and background details. PMP Audience and Structure This section is written for identifying and describing the audience for the project, like who get benefited from this project, by basic learning and the structure of the project is also detailed of how the structure of the Green ICT Project is discussed of how all the project management plan data is made available. The project management plan is an approved and formal document that is developed and used for guiding the execution of the project and control. It includes the assumptions and decisions in the document planning. The plan facilitates formal communication established among the stakeholders of the project, cost, schedule baselines and scope. Usually, the plan includes all the elements of the project either briefly summarised or detailed. A complete project management plan can make the job of the project manager in executing the tasks related to the project, even though variations occur during the implementation. Eventually, the audience for this report of project management plan is the project managers. The project manager does not need to be confined to the projects related to the information technology or other industries. Even a new University student, who has the intention and objective of earning the Graduation certificate, can be a project manager, as the cortication involves many tasks, of taking the syllabus, gathering the resources, listening to the lectures, understanding and presenting the reports and finally giving the examinations or assessment can very well be a project manager. In a nutshell, any event that has multiple tasks come under the project management and the event manager becomes the project manager. A project manager needs to know and explore many things associated with the project and relevant subject knowledge can always be an added advantage. They have the entire responsibility and accountability to the final objective of the project that includes majorly planning, procurement and execution of the project, especially, in the engineering domain. Since the project managers are SPOC (Single Point of Contact) or first point of contact, for the concerns, issues, complements or anything regarding to the project, they should be aware of the entire plan, the current tasks, future tasks, all discrepancies to the project, before the issues are escalated to the higher management or authorities. Since an individual cannot perform all the tasks, the project involves usually, multiple team members and the management of the tasks as well as the team members become the responsibility of the project managers. The manager should strive the best to directly participate in the tasks and activiti es, intensify with the mutual tasks and interaction with multiple parties, in the ways that reduce the overall failure risk, minimizing the costs and maximizing the benefits. To perform all the tasks related to the project, the project manager has to have and make an effective project plan. The project plan is used by the day to day reference and logical sequence of the tasks of the project. The project management plan is well defined and built by the project manager, along with the organization of the project. The project management plan is well defined by the project manager and majorly done long before initiating the project, as it becomes the reference for getting the approval from the higher authorities or the sponsor of the project. Elements of PMP This section covers the basic elements of the general project management plan, by considering various project management methodologies, such as PMBOK and PRINCE2, Agile, etc. The general framework that includes all the elements is covered and the best alternatives in the industry. Project management plan is a macro level planning that includes all associated tasks, without leaving a single one task. Since, a project implementation is usually dependent on many of the disciplines and professions to complete and bring a shape to the objectives. For formal project management plan to be complete, an industry standard is to be followed, such as PRINCE 2, PMBOK, etc. At macro level, the plan should describe project execution, management Control. This content is usually provided by other document reference, like, construction plan, procurement plan or it can be even a detailed project plan itself. The project Management Plan usually includes the topics in the execution system of the project and that cover the main aspects, as the following. Scope management Schedule management Quality management Procurement management Risk management Project change management Requirements management Financial management Resource management Communication management Stakeholders management It is always a good practice to cover all the above management aspects, especially, for larger professional and consulting project management firms, as it becomes the basis or formally agreed version for the approval during earlier project stages and later applied during the throughout life of the project. Project Management Plan - Alternatives Project management plan is the plan that can be defined and built uniquely by the project managers, based on their expertise and experience. However, the experience and expertise of the specialized project management professionals and bodies have defined certain theories and models for the design and building the plan. There are many more theories and models built with the project management plan. One of the models that is almost universally accepted model is designed by the PMBOK (Project Manager Body Of Knowledge) and there are many other models existing are PRINCE, AGILE, Waterfall Model, etc. As discussed above there are many bodies, which have designed and modelled many of the theories and structures for the project management plan. There are numerous alternate theories and models developed for the reference for the project managers. However, let us consider only the widely accepted and used models and theories. PMBOK Project Management Body of Knowledge is a widely and globally accepted standard guidance and terminology as a body of knowledge in the domain of project management, developed by PMI (Project Management Institute). It considers the works to be accomplished by means of processes. This approach is consistently used with CMMI of software engineering institute, ISO 9000 and other management standards. Processes interact and overlap in various phases and throughout the project. Usually, the processes are detailed with three terms: Input Techniques and tools Outputs The PMBOK includes 47 processes and all of them are categorized and covered under basic five groups of processes and 10 knowledge areas. Process Groups Initiating Planning Executing Monitoring and Controlling Closing Knowledge Areas Project Integration Management Project Time Management Project Scope Management Project Cost Management Project Human Resource Management Project Procurement Management Project Communications Management Project Stakeholders Management Project Risk Management Project Quality Management As each industry is unique in planning and implementing the projects, the PMBOK shows the extensions as the following. Construction Extension Software Extension Government Extension Prince Another theory and model that is existing is the PRINCE (Projects in Controlled Environments) has the following structure of the project management plan. SU - Starting up a Project IP Initiating a Project DU Directing a Project CU Controlling a Project MP Managing Product Delivery SB Managing Stage Boundaries CP Closing a Project When the patterns of these models and theories are observed, it is evident that all the processes or diversified tasks are logically sequenced based on the pre-requisites. Critical Analysis of PMP This section presents the critical analysis of the project considered as an example, The ICT Green Project and later, the most widely used project management methodology is addressed along with all its PMP elements. Though there are numerous theoretical frameworks designed and developed by many of the organizations and bodies, let us consider the widely or universally accepted standard, PMBOK for the purpose of the critical analysis. The ICT Green Project does address the basic plan elements in a very detailed ways along with the necessary tools, tables and figures needed. It does a very clear idea about what the project is about and what all the processes and tasks involved along with the associated elements in the project. The structure of the plan is crystal clear of what is done and how is done. As there is always scope and room for betterment and so this project management plan. As the project does not clearly specify the cost of the project and its necessary elements involved in it, financial or cost management is necessary. The report also does not include detailed change management and requirement management, unless some part of is covered in the procurement management plan. However, the overall structure is good enough to give close to complete understanding of the project and project elements. PMBOK addresses all the sections involved in the project management plan, in basically ten knowledge areas. Project Integration Management It includes all the activities and processes required for defining, identifying, unifying, combining and coordinating several processes and activities related to the project management within the process groups of the project management. Project Scope Management The scope management includes all the processes required for ensuring of what the project includes for only the works required and all the work required for successful completion of the project. Project Quality Management The quality management is considerably a complex managerial task as it includes all the activities and processes to determine policies, based on the quality standards of the organizations and also to perform those pre-defined qualities, responsibilities and objectives. It is complex managerial task, however, it ensures not only achievement of the objects, in terms of quantity, but also achievements to be followed and fulfilled by the standards of the quality defined by the organization. So, it ensures quality product. Project Time Management It includes all the processes needed for managing and completing the tasks timely within the project. It is also termed as a schedule management, because schedule is developed and maintained from the schedule management. It is one of the key components of the project management as it becomes the reference to the success of the project, along with the budget and scope of the project. When the schedule is well managed, the project is expected to be completed and object is achieved within the time frame or time limit, specified for the project. Project Human Resource Management Human resource management is a key process and key knowledge area for any project to be implemented. in simple terms, when the human resources are managed effectively and potentially, all the tasks associated to them will be achieved within the time frame and satisfying all the standards set to them. Managing human resources is a key knowledge area, as it can define and determine the overall success and quality product of the project. Project Procurement Management Procurement management includes all the processes and tasks that are necessary to acquire the services, products, purchases or results expected from the team external to the project. This knowledge area includes many processes like, procurement planning, solicitation, solicitation, contact administration, source selection and contract closeout. It is a critical knowledge area for the project manager, as the manager has to deal with many of the stakeholders, external to the organization, but play a fair role in the success of the project. Project Communications Management Communication is the blood of any relationship and the relationships are quite important and significant to be maintained as the human sources play the roles to perform the tasks and activities. In order to perform these tasks and activities communication becomes a vital tool and process. so, the communication management in the project management plan includes various processes that are performed to ensure appropriate and timely planning collection distribution, creation, retrieval, storage, control, monitoring, management and ultimately, information disposition for the project. Without the communication, there are not tasks and activities do not move even an inch. At the same time, an effective communication can enable to deliver quality outputs or products at the end of each and every task. Project Stakeholders Management Though stakeholder management looks to be similar to the human resource management, it is different in many aspects. For example, human resources have common objective, similar to the objective of the organization. However it may not be with the stakeholders, as the stakeholders are from both internal and external to the organization and each of the stakeholder has certain needs, values and expectations from the project. Bringing all the stakeholders at a common ground, neutralizing all their needs and values, would need enormous and potential people management skills to the project manager. Once the stakeholder management is performed successfully and potentially, there would be lesser number of risks and issues associated with the project. Stakeholder management includes the processes that are needed to identify all the stakeholders within or external to the organizations, which get impact by the project and also the processes that analyse the expectations of the stakeholders, project impact, developing the appropriate strategies of management to engage the stakeholders effectively in the project towards making decisions and execution of the project. Project Risk Management Risk management is recently developed managerial task that included in the project management plan. Risk management plan is necessary for all kinds of projects, starting from the small scale to large scale. Though the risk management does not prevent the risks to the project, they make the project manager and project team to be prepared with all the mitigation plans and contingency plans to apply immediately, without any delays. It includes various processes, like conducting risk identification, risk response planning, risk management planning and controlling on risks possibly occurred for the project. Project Cost Management It is another key management aspect for the project management plan, apart from the scope and time of the project, which determine the success of the project. Usually, it is less focussed and considered as a secondary managerial aspect by the project manager, it is not the situation or condition as such. Cost management is vital to keep the project and complete within the budget set before the initiation of the project, without deviation of the quality. All these ten knowledge areas consist of the processes that have to be achieved and accomplished within the standard disciplines to achieve the final product of the project management. All the processes covered in these knowledge areas become the part of the PMBOKs five process groups. All these processes can create a structure of the matrix relating one process group and one knowledge area. Conclusions From the project management plan theories and models, it can be perceived that the project management plan becomes complete, only when all the aspects and all the key disciplines associated with the project are well covered. The plan ideally, should be performed both in macro level and micro level. And the plan should be developed with the begin with the end in mind as well as the journey and requisites for the tasks. A complete template has to be considered and each of the elements in the template has to be taken and should be customized to develop the project management plan. Customization is to be done effectively, as it would be close to impossible to develop a project management plan that would be compatible for all sized and all industries in all the disciplines. The way the project is customized depends on the primary objective and final product of the project. The Green ICT project is considered as an example for reference that gives basic understanding of what is the domain and what is the industry that the project sponsors and the project objective belongs to. The theory and model observed and discussed in the topic is the PMBOK and its knowledge areas and processes. The PMBOK project management plan model includes all the processes necessary to develop the project management plan. The model is strengthen in terms of inclusion of all the areas of knowledge and processes, however suffers from the weakness that the project time management is ineffective compared to the other models. Recommendations This section covers the basic elements covered in The ICT Green Project and elements that have missed are addressed and recommended to add. The ICT Green Project has been reported with wider project management elements covered. It covers project integration management, where the idea conception and motivation are addressed. Schedule management is also clearly presented with the tool, Gantt chart. It included scope management, human resource management, communication management and procurement management widely. However, the plan needs to include stakeholder management, detailed financial management and change management majorly, which are also important parts of the analysis. The project management plan developed and proposed by the PMBOK is quite compatible for many of the diverse projects globally, as it includes wider and most of the knowledge areas and also relative processes that can be applicable to wide range of unique projects. The model can be effective and more scientific and when adapted, it is expected to make the plan close to complete. However, considering all the areas of knowledge and all the processes would be a lengthier and a bit tedious process. However, it is still easier than exploring all the tasks and knowledge areas from scratch and it is considered as a professional and scientific approach that can be best utilized by the project managers. There is a weakness associated with the time management knowledge area of PMBOK and it is recommended to consider another project management plan approach, by either PRINCE or Agile to make it completely effective, as time management or schedule management is a key factor in the success of the project, in terms of optimizing the time, which is a very important resource that can minimize the expenditure of the other resources. 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